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俄語翻譯的常用技巧有什么？

日期：2019-12-31 發(fā)布人：來源：閱讀量：

　　譯員進行翻譯前一定要充分了解俄語和漢語的差異，正確的運用翻譯技巧，下面尚語證件翻譯公司給大家分享俄語翻譯的常用技巧有什么?

　　Before translation, translators must fully understand the differences between Russian and Chinese, and correctly use translation skills. What are the common skills of Russian translation shared by Shangyu certificate translation company?

　　1、詞類和句子成分的轉(zhuǎn)換

　　1. Conversion of parts of speech and sentence components

　　漢語和俄語在詞匯的構(gòu)成和造句上存在著很大差異，如果只是按照原文生搬硬套的翻譯詞匯，就會使譯文不倫不類，因此，為了確切的表達原文，應(yīng)當根據(jù)兩種語言的語法、修辭習(xí)慣來轉(zhuǎn)換詞類;在表達同一內(nèi)容時，可采用一些與原文不同的語言手段來替換原文中不能硬譯的語言形式。需要注意的是，代換只是詞類形式的交換，而不是內(nèi)容的隨意改變。

　　There are great differences between Chinese and Russian in terms of vocabulary composition and sentence making. If we just translate words mechanically according to the original text, the translation will be different. Therefore, in order to express the original exactly, we should change the parts of speech according to the grammar and rhetoric habits of the two languages. When expressing the same content, we can use some different language means to replace the original A language form that cannot be hard translated. It should be noted that substitution is only the exchange of parts of speech, not the random change of content.

　　2、詞義的引申

　　2. Extension of word meaning

　　漢語和俄語由于使用習(xí)慣不同，有許多詞或詞組，從原文上下文來看并不費解。可是，如果按其詞面意義直接翻譯，就會顯得生硬、邏輯不通。這種情況下，應(yīng)當引申詞語的意義，選擇合適的表達方式，靈活處理原文中的一些詞句，在忠實原文的基礎(chǔ)上翻譯。

　　There are many words or phrases in Chinese and Russian due to their different usage habits, which are not difficult to understand from the context of the original text. However, if it is translated directly according to its literal meaning, it will appear rigid and illogical. In this case, we should extend the meaning of words, choose appropriate ways of expression, deal with some words and sentences in the original text flexibly, and translate them on the basis of being faithful to the original text.

　　3、詞量的增減

　　3. Increase and decrease of word quantity

　　許多情況下，俄語詞與詞之間的搭配習(xí)慣與漢語有明顯的不同，在俄語翻譯中，可能俄語幾個詞之間的搭配，在翻譯成漢語時會產(chǎn)生重復(fù)，如果直接譯成漢語，譯文會顯得啰嗦。這種情況下，俄語譯成漢語需要把原文中那些沒有實際意義的詞省去不譯，這樣譯文才能簡潔明了。除此之外，在俄語翻譯成漢語時，可能會出現(xiàn)詞與詞之間的翻譯缺少過渡詞，這時如果直接按字面意思譯成漢語，不僅不符合漢語習(xí)慣，甚至?xí)a(chǎn)生誤解。因此，在這種情況下，譯成漢語必須把字里行間潛在的詞增補出來，這樣譯文才能語意暢達。

　　In many cases, the collocation habit between Russian words is obviously different from that of Chinese. In Russian translation, the collocation between several Russian words may be repeated when they are translated into Chinese. If they are directly translated into Chinese, the translation will appear verbose. In this case, the translation of Russian into Chinese needs to omit those words without practical meaning from the original text, so that the translation can be concise and clear. In addition, when Russian is translated into Chinese, there may be a lack of transitional words in the translation between words. At this time, if directly translated into Chinese according to the literal meaning, not only does it not conform to Chinese habits, but also may lead to misunderstanding. Therefore, in this case, the potential words between the lines must be added to the translation into Chinese, so that the meaning of the translation can be fluent.

　　4、用詞的準確性

　　4. Accuracy of words

　　俄語和漢語大多數(shù)詞都是一詞多義，原文的詞義在譯文中可以找到幾個相同意思的詞匯，因此，在選詞時，必須根據(jù)原稿件中的上下文來選擇合適的詞匯。

　　Most words in Russian and Chinese are polysemy. The meaning of the original words can be found in the translation. Therefore, when selecting words, we must choose the right words according to the context of the original manuscript.

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